Climate control allows you to automatically adjust the temperature in the cabin, regardless of the time of year. As soon as you set the temperature on the climate control of the car, it must maintain the temperature, regardless of what is happening outside. In this article, we will consider how the automatic control system of control and general problems and the causes of the malfunction climate control works.
Than the automatic climate control differs from the manual air conditioning system.
Manual air conditioning systems differ only in that they require temperature settings manually. Retulator / c regulator-off system, temperature control button and regulator or switch to adjust the fan rotation speed.
In a manual a/s system, if you want cool air, you manually select temperature settings and fan speed. If the air becomes too cold, you reduce the fan speed or change the temperature position. If the air is not cold enough, then increase the fan speed or temperature.
The manual system is connected by wires or vacuum hoses for the air flow using HVAC shutters (heating, ventilation, air conditioning) and controlled by the unit under the dashboard. A change in temperature settings opens or closes the shutters to increase or decrease the air flow through a/s evaporator. This is a relatively simple and uninterrupted control system that does not require a lot of complex electronics.
Automatic temperature control systems, for comparison, can be very complex (and troublesome). The system controls the temperature inside your car and automatically selects heating, cooling or all together, as well as the fan speed, which helps to maintain the selected temperature.
Twozal automatic temperature control systems that are offered in many modern cars allow passengers in the front seat to choose their own temperature settings. On the one hand, cold air may blow, and on the other hand, warm air may blow.
A complex system.
It is not as simple to maintain a constant temperature as it seems, because the temperature inside and out of the car is constantly changing. A surrounding air temperature (outside) affects the amount of heating or cooling of the supply air to the desired temperature. The load on the engine can also change the temperature and cooling requirements.
Since the air temperature inside the car gradually changes, the automatic climate control system must compensate for this by changing the fan and temperature speed. This is constant balancing, which requires a large number of input signals to control.
Automatic climate control components.
To regulate the temperature inside your car, the automatic climate control uses an external air temperature sensor, one or several or more sensors of air temperature in the cabin (there may be an “infrared” sensor that measures the actual temperature of your body and / or your passengers), “Sunload” sensor To compensate for sunlight through glass, one or more electronic control units, and vacuum or using electronic controls for shutters (HVAC) of air flow.
Most new automatic climate control systems use small electric motors (executive mechanisms) for the operation of air flow gays. There are 5-wire, 3 and 2-wire engines that work differently and should be replaced with the same type of engine. 5-wire engines have a feedback circuit in order to maintain information in the control module about their position. 3-wire “smart” engines often have their own microchips to control and self-calibration of their position. 2-wire engines are simple, which pass the flow of air in one or the other side. The controller monitors their position, running the engines completely open or completely closed position, calculating the speed of the engine anchor to recognize their exact position. As we have already said, these are complex.
Some cars have a “three-zone” automatic climate control system. This system has a separate management for the driver, front passenger and rear passengers, and also uses infrared sensors of the front and back of the cabin to control the temperature. She also uses a “smart” 2-wired electric motor to manage all the damper in the ventilation and air conditioning system. If the motor does not work, then the control unit holds information about its exact position. The system consists of 22 different control modules that communicate with each other through a common network of multiplex wiring.
Another example is a two-zone automatic climate control system. Unlike most other a/s systems, this system does not have a clutch clutch on the compressor. The compressor works all the time, and is under the control of the A/C control module (more and more new cars switch to this type of system). Cooling is regulated by changing the compressor output from 2 to 100 percent, depending on the thermal load on the system. It also uses “the sensor smog” to close the flow of outer supply air if it recognizes hydrocarbons or other unpleasant odors. Ten electric motors control the damper in the ventilation and air conditioning system. Even the engine cooling fan is also partially controlled by the climate control system, as well as 15 different control modules in the cabin are used to regulate cooling.
Search and elimination of malfunctions of the automatic climate control system.
Search and elimination of malfunctions of automatic climate control systems, as a rule, cannot be done with your own hands, because special preparation and tools are often required. If the problem in the cooling system is not due to failure in the circuit (poor compressor, loose pipes, low refrigerant, leakage of the evaporator, etc. D.), then most likely the problem in the automatic temperature control system. To find out, the use of a diagnostic device that can read HVAC codes, as well as a digital voltmeter for checking circuits and sensors, is required.
Most of the latest models of automatic temperature control systems diagnose themselves and can generate error codes that indicate the nature of the problem. But in most cases, devices are used to check various components by measuring voltage, resistance, etc. D., Before he replace spare parts.
Accurate diagnosis is very important for these systems, because many spare parts can be very expensive. Spare parts such as the control module can cost hundreds or even thousands of dollars, depending on the brand of the car. Other details, such as sensors, switches, relay, resistors, vacuum valves, vacuum engines, electric motors and fan engines will not cost a tidy sum if you have to change them, but work to install some of these parts may take several hours.
General problems and possible reasons for the malfunction of automatic climate control:
1) no cooling (warm air blows).
This can be a problem in the refrigerator (a poor compressor, a blown -out fuse or a faulty relay, low refrigerant level or without a refrigerant in the system), or it may be a problem in the damper.
2) the temperature does not correspond to the settings (too hot or too cold).
Perhaps the temperature sensor in the cabin is faulty, or the problem in the control of the valve of the ventilation and air conditioning device.
3) there is no air flow when the air conditioner or heater is turned on.
Possible reasons here belong to a faulty fan relay or fan.
4) air cannot pass through the channels.
The problem here is most likely in the malfunction of the electric motor of the damper or the control module, which does not change the position of the shutters.
5) nothing happens when you turn on the automatic climate control system.
Check the fuse. If you burned out, replace it with the one that has the same amperge as the original. If the new fuse has burned down, a short circuit or overload of the wiring, which should be detected and restored.
If the fuse is in order, perhaps the control module died. Way to identify this, connect a diagnostic device.
The battery was recently turned off or replaced, some automatic climate control systems will not work until you drop the error using a diagnostic device.